IP multicast address range | Description | Routable |
---|---|---|
224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 | Local subnetwork[1] | No |
224.0.1.0 to 224.0.1.255 | Internetwork control | Yes |
224.0.2.0 to 224.0.255.255 | AD-HOC block 1[2] | Yes |
224.3.0.0 to 224.4.255.255 | AD-HOC block 2[3] | Yes |
232.0.0.0 to 232.255.255.255 | Source-specific multicast[1] | Yes |
233.0.0.0 to 233.251.255.255 | GLOP addressing[4] | Yes |
233.252.0.0 to 233.255.255.255 | AD-HOC block 3[5] | Yes |
234.0.0.0 to 234.255.255.255[citation needed] | Unicast-prefix-based | Yes |
239.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 | Administratively scoped[1] | Yes |
IP multicast address | Description | Routable |
---|---|---|
224.0.0.0 | Base address (reserved) | No |
224.0.0.1 | The All Hosts multicast group addresses all hosts on the same network segment. | No |
224.0.0.2 | The All Routers multicast group addresses all routers on the same network segment. | No |
224.0.0.4 | This address is used in the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) to address multicast routers. | No |
224.0.0.5 | The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) All OSPF Routers address is used to send Hello packets to all OSPF routers on a network segment. | No |
224.0.0.6 | The OSPF All Designated Routers (DR) address is used to send OSPF routing information to designated routers on a network segment. | No |
224.0.0.9 | The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) version 2 group address is used to send routing information to all RIP2-aware routers on a network segment. | No |
224.0.0.10 | The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) group address is used to send routing information to all EIGRP routers on a network segment. | No |
224.0.0.13 | Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Version 2 | No |
224.0.0.18 | Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) | No |
224.0.0.19–21 | IS-IS over IP | No |
224.0.0.22 | Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) version 3[9] | No |
224.0.0.102 | Hot Standby Router Protocol version 2 (HSRPv2) / Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) | No |
224.0.0.107 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 peer delay measurement messaging | No |
224.0.0.251 | Multicast DNS (mDNS) address | No |
224.0.0.252 | Link-local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) address | No |
224.0.0.253 | Teredo tunneling client discovery address[10] | No |
224.0.1.1 | Network Time Protocol clients listen on this address for protocol messages when operating in multicast mode. | Yes |
224.0.1.22 | Service Location Protocol version 1 general | Yes |
224.0.1.35 | Service Location Protocol version 1 directory agent | Yes |
224.0.1.39 | The Cisco multicast router AUTO-RP-ANNOUNCE address is used by RP mapping agents to listen for candidate announcements. | Yes |
224.0.1.40 | The Cisco multicast router AUTO-RP-DISCOVERY address is the destination address for messages from the RP mapping agent to discover candidates. | Yes |
224.0.1.41 | H.323 Gatekeeper discovery address | Yes |
224.0.1.129–132 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 1 messages (Sync, Announce, etc.) except peer delay measurement | Yes |
224.0.1.129 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 messages (Sync, Announce, etc.) except peer delay measurement | Yes |
239.255.255.250 | Simple Service Discovery Protocol address | Yes |
239.255.255.253 | Service Location Protocol version 2 address | Yes |
Bits | 8 | 4 | 4 | 112 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Field | prefix | flags | scope | group ID |
Bits | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Field | prefix | ff1 | scope | ff2 | reserved | plen | network prefix | group ID |
Bit[note 1] | Flag | 0 | 1 |
---|---|---|---|
0 (MSB) | Reserved | (Reserved) | (Reserved) |
1 | R (Rendezvous)[13] | Rendezvous point not embedded | Rendezvous point embedded |
2 | P (Prefix)[14] | Without prefix information | Address based on network prefix |
3 (LSB) | T (Transient)[15] | Well-known multicast address | Dynamically assigned multicast address |
IPv6 address[note 2] | IPv4 equivalent[16] | Scope | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
ff00::/16, ff0f::/16 | Reserved | ||
ffx1::/16 | 127.0.0.0/8 | Interface-local | Packets with this destination address may not be sent over any network link, but must remain within the current node; this is the multicast equivalent of the unicast loopback address. |
ffx2::/16 | 224.0.0.0/24 | Link-local | Packets with this destination address may not be routed anywhere. |
ffx3::/16 | 239.255.0.0/16 | IPv4 local scope | |
ffx4::/16 | Admin-local | The smallest scope that must be administratively configured. | |
ffx5::/16 | Site-local | Restricted to the local physical network. | |
ffx8::/16 | 239.192.0.0/14 | Organization-local | Restricted to networks used by the organization administering the local network. (For example, these addresses might be used over VPNs; when packets for this group are routed over the public internet (where these addresses are not valid), they would have to be encapsulated in some other protocol.) |
ffxe::/16 | 224.0.1.0-238.255.255.255 | Global scope | Eligible to be routed over the public internet. |
Address | Description |
---|---|
ff02::1 | All nodes on the local network segment |
ff02::2 | All routers on the local network segment |
ff02::5 | OSPFv3 All SPF routers |
ff02::6 | OSPFv3 All DR routers |
ff02::8 | IS-IS for IPv6 routers |
ff02::9 | RIP routers |
ff02::a | EIGRP routers |
ff02::d | PIM routers |
ff02::16 | MLDv2 reports (defined in RFC 3810) |
ff02::1:2 | All DHCPv6 servers and relay agents on the local network segment (defined in RFC 3315) |
ff02::1:3 | All LLMNR hosts on the local network segment (defined in RFC 4795) |
ff05::1:3 | All DHCP servers on the local network site (defined in RFC 3315) |
ff0x::c | Simple Service Discovery Protocol |
ff0x::fb | Multicast DNS |
ff0x::101 | Network Time Protocol |
ff0x::108 | Network Information Service |
ff0x::181 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 messages (Sync, Announce, etc.) except peer delay measurement |
ff02::6b | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 peer delay measurement messages |
ff0x::114 | Used for experiments |
Block | Ethernet multicast address | Ethertype | Usage |
---|---|---|---|
01-80-C2[20] IEEE (802 group) | 01-80-C2-00-00-00 | Local LAN Segment, stopping at STP-capable switches | |
SNAP (length) | Spanning Tree Protocol (for bridges) IEEE 802.1D | ||
0x88CC | Link Layer Discovery Protocol (additional) | ||
01-80-C2-00-00-01 | 0x8808 | Ethernet flow control (pause frame) IEEE 802.3x | |
01-80-C2-00-00-02 | 0x8809 | 'Slow protocols' including Ethernet OAM Protocol (IEEE 802.3ah) and Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) | |
01-80-C2-00-00-03 | Local LAN Segment until next multi-port ('non-TPMR') switch | ||
0x888E | Port authentication (IEEE 802.1X EAPOL) | ||
0x88CC | Link Layer Discovery Protocol (additional) | ||
01-80-C2-00-00-08 | SNAP (length) | Spanning Tree Protocol (for provider bridges) IEEE 802.1ad | |
01-80-C2-00-00-0D | 0x88F5 | Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (for provider bridges) IEEE 802.1ad | |
01-80-C2-00-00-0E | Local LAN Link, never crosses another device | ||
0x88CC | Link Layer Discovery Protocol (primary) | ||
0x88F7 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 over Ethernet (802.1AS) | ||
01-80-C2-00-00-21 | 0x88F5 | GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (also known as IEEE 802.1Q GVRP) Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (MVRP) | |
01-80-C2-00-00-30 through 01-80-C2-00-00-3F | 0x8902 | Ethernet CFM Protocol IEEE 802.1ag | |
01-1B-19 IEEE (TC9) | 01-1B-19-00-00-00 | 0x88F7 | Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2 over Ethernet (native layer-2) for electing the Grandmaster clock and advanced applications, otherwise 01-80-C2-00-00-0E |
01-00-5E[21] ICANN/IANA | 01-00-5E-00-00-00 through 01-00-5E-7F-FF-FF | 0x0800 | IPv4 Multicast (RFC 1112), insert the low 23 bits of the multicast IPv4 address into the Ethernet address[22] |
33-33-xx locally administered | 33-33-00-00-00-00 through 33-33-FF-FF-FF-FF | 0x86DD | IPv6 multicast (RFC 2464): The low 32 bits an Ethernet address for IPv6 multicast traffic are the low 32 bits of the multicast IPv6 address used.[23] For example, IPv6 multicast traffic using the address ff02::d uses the MAC address 33-33-00-00-00-0D, and traffic to ff05::1:3 goes to the MAC address 33-33-00-01-00-03. |
01-0C-CD IEC | 01-0C-CD-01-00-00 through 01-0C-CD-01-01-FF | 0x88B8 | IEC 61850-8-1 GOOSE Type 1/1A |
01-0C-CD-02-00-00 through 01-0C-CD-02-01-FF | 0x88B9 | GSSE (IEC 61850 8-1) | |
01-0C-CD-04-00-00 through 01-0C-CD-04-01-FF | 0x88BA | Multicast sampled values (IEC 61850 8-1) | |
01-00-0C Cisco Systems | 01-00-0C-CC-CC-CC | SNAP (length) | Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP), Unidirectional_Link_Detection (UDLD) |
01-00-0C-CC-CC-CD | SNAP (length) | Cisco Shared Spanning Tree Protocol Address[citation needed] |